The nanog protein responsible for growth of head and neck cancer - RoyalPharmacyrx

4 July 2013, USA (http://www.royalpharmacyrx.com) : The research has identified a biochemical pathway in cancer stem cells that is substantial for promoting head and neck cancer. The protein which is normally active in embryonic stem cells and which is responsible for the growth of cancer stem cells in head and neck cancer is called as Nanog. To improve the treatment of head and neck cancer the findings provide information essential for designing novel targeted drugs.

Normally, it helps healthy embryonic stem cells maintain their undifferentiated, uncommitted (i.e. pluripotent) state. But recent evidence suggests that it promotes tumor growth by stimulating the proliferation of cancer stem cells. This study defines a signaling axis that is essential for head and neck cancer progression, and the findings show that this axis may be disrupted at three key steps. Targeted drugs that are designed to inhibit any or all of these three steps might greatly improve the treatment of head and neck cancer."

The study shows that an enzyme called "protein kinase C-epsilon" (PKCepsilon) adds energy-packing phosphate groups to the molecule. This phosphorylation of Nanog stabilizes and activates the molecule. It also triggers a series of events: Two Nanog molecules bind together, and these are joined by a third "co-activating" molecule called p300. This molecular complex then ligature to the promoter region of the gene called Bmi1, which increases the expression of the gene. Proliferation of cancer stem cells are stimulated in return.

The PKCepsilon/Nanog/Bmi1 signaling axis is essential to promote head and neck cancer and it provides initial evidence that the development of inhibitors that block critical points in this axis might yield a potent collection of targeted anti-cancer therapeutics that could be valuable for the treatment of head and neck cancer."

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